Jean baptiste neyratjd



(No Model.)

J. B. NEYRAUD.

ELBGTRIG PILE.

PatentedAug. .24, 1886.

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, UNITED STATES PATENT EErcE.`

JEAN BAPTISTE NEYRAUD, OF LYONS, FRANCE.

ELECTRIC PILE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 347,823, dated August 24, 1886.

Application filed July E27, 1885. Serial No. 172.780. (No model.) Patented in France January 27, i885, No. 166,643.

To all whom, it may concern.-

Bc it known that I, J EAN BAPTISTE N EY- RAUD, a citizen of the French Republic, residing at Lyons, in France, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Electric Piles, (for which I have obtained Letters Patent in France, No. 166,643, dated January 27 1885,) of which the following is a full,clear, and exact description.

This invention relates to galvanic elements, and has for its object to prevent the oxidation of the binding screw or screws or other connections whereby the electrodes are connected with the line-wires; and it consists in the details of constructions ofthe element, and more especially the construction of the inner porous cylinder and the head or cover of the cell, substantially as hereinafter fully described, and as specifically pointed out inthe claims.

Referring to the accompanying drawings, Figure 1 is an isometric view; Fig. 2, a top plan View, and Fig. 3 a vertical section taken on line x x of Fig. 1 of my improved galvanic element.

A indicates the inclosing or outer vessel of the element, which is made of any suitable material capable of resisting the action ot' the exciting agent or fluid, preferably of glass. This outer vessel may be of any desired shape in cross-section. In the drawings I have shown it as being square in cross-section, though it could be made cylindrical or hexagonal, or of other angular form.

The vessel A is preferably provided with a neck, a, of cylindrical form in plan, as shown partly in dotted and partly in full lines in Figs. l and 2, the tapering portion of the neck extending over one of the corners of the vessel, so that when a cylindrical cover, E, is employed an aperture, a', will be left at the tapering portion for the introduction into vessel A or the removal therefrom of the Zinc electrode Z,as shown in Fig. 2, though it will be understood thata cover of substantially the form oftheneck may be used, in which case that part overlying the tapering portion is cutaway, as shown at E', Fig. 1, to afford access to the interior of vessel Afor the introduction thereinto or removal therefrom of said zinc electrode.

B is the porous vessel or cell, preferably of cylindrical form. It is closed at top and bottom by means of heads B and B",respectively, composed of an insulating material or composition impermeable to and capable of resisting the action of the exciting-fluid. The head B has an axial conical projection, b', apertured for the passage of a platinum wire, through which the carbon electrode C is connected with the binding-screw S and the line'wirc in the usual or any preferred manner.

The carbon electrode contained in cell B is embedded in comminuted carbon C', with which the cell is filled, as shown in Fig. 3. By means of the described construction the exciting-fluid cannot penetrate into the cell B, except by percolation through its porous walls. l

The cell B is of such height that its upper edge will. lie liush (or approximately so) with the corresponding edge of the neck a of vessel A, and above said ccll is arranged a disk, D, ofa material similar to that of the heads B and BAZ of the cell B. The disk is seated on neck a of vessel A, around the conical -projection b and on head B', to which latter it may be cemented, or of which said disk may form an integral part.

E is the cover t'or the element, preferably of porcelain, though it may be iliade of other insulating material impermeable to and unaffected by the exciting-fluid.

The cover E hasa hollow axial conical boss, e, projecting from its upper face, and is firmly seated ou or cemented to the insulating-disk D, that surrounds the cone b on the head B of the porous cell B. The conc or boss e has a lead filling, e', in which is embedded the bindingiscrew S, or int-o which filling said screw may be screwed. N is the uut of said screw.

The platinum wire XV, that connects thc car-- bon electrode G with the bindin,l -screw S, passes through the coueb' and the lead filling in cone e. To further protect the bindingscrew against the action of the exciting-fluid which may percolate through the walls of the cell B, I enamel or glaze the inner surfaces of the hollow conical boss e on cover E, as shown by heavy lines, Fig. 3, and also the surfaces ofthe porous cylinder or cell B from about a point, b b, to its upper edge, both inside and IOO outside, as well as the annular upper face of said cell.

It is obvious that by means of the construction described the exciting-Huid cannot reach the screw S in the lead tilling of the cone e, either by percolation through the body of the cell B, the upper portion of which is enameled or glazed, as set forth, or when the vessel A is filled with the exciting-agent, as the upper end of the cell B is closed by an impermeable non-conductive material of such nature as not to be affected by the exciting-fluid. Besides this the cover E is made of porcelain and isolated from the vesselAby means of a disk, D, also of an insulating and impermeable material, and one not influenced or acted upon by the exciting-Huid.

I thus obtain a galvanic element the function of which is more regular Vthan is the case with like elements of usual construction, and such element will be much more durable.

I am aware that attempts have been made to isolate the bindingscrews from the action ofthe exciting-Huid; but this has never been so completely effected as by the construction hereinabove described, the electrode being usually secured by metallic clamps and connected with the bindingscrew by means of metallic connections readily aected and corroded by the liquid and fully exposed to its action. y

Of course it will be understood that the disk D and head B of the cell B may be made integral and of a non-conductive plastic composition impermeable to and not affected by the exciting-fluid, and the cover E may be firmly embedded therein; or the cover E and disk D may be made integral and firmly embedded in the material of which the head B of the 'cell B is made, and while in a plastic state, so that the said cell may be bodily lifted out of the vessel A by means of the binding-screw S or the cover E.

What I claim is- 1. In a galvanic element, the combination, with the inclosing-vessel containing the exciting-Huid and zinc electrode, of a porous earthenware cell containing the carbon ele c trode, said cell being closed at both ends by impermeable heads capable of resisting the action of the exciting-Huid, and having the outer surface of its upper end rendered nonporous by porcelaining or enameling, a porcelain head or cover for the cell cemented to the head of the porous cell and carrying the bindingscrew, and a platinum connection for connecting said bindingscrew with the carL bon electrode` said platinum connection and bindingscrew being isolated from the exciting-fluid, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

2. The combination, with the vessel A and zinc electrode Z, of the porous vessel B, hav ing its upper end rendered non-porous, and provided with heads B B, the head B having a conical boss, b', the carbon electrode C, contained in said cell, acover, E, having a hollow conical projection, e, filled with lead, a binding-screw, S, embedded in said lead filling, the disk D,and a platinum connection between the carbon electrode and binding-screw passi-ng through head B and lead filling, of cone e of cover E, substantially as and for the purpose specified.

v In testimony' that 4I claim the foregoing I have hereunto set my hand this 26th day of June, 1885.

JEAN BAPTISTE NEYRAUD.

Witnesses:

AUGUST BoRLoz, CA MILLE CHARROPPIN. 

